Pro-Integration Fighters PPI (Indonesia)

Country: Indonesia
Details of Formation: The PGM was formed and financed by the military. It was established in early 1999 as an umbrella organization of different militias.
Details of Termination: The PPI were officially disbanded in November 1999.
Purpose: The pro-integration militia was used to perpetrate attacks in East Timor to destabilize the region and prevent its independence. It took over areas in East Timor that were thought to be integration strongholds. Members aimed to stop East Timorese individuals and members of the region’s political elite leaving East Timor. Generally, the group fought East Timorese pro-independence rebels.
Organisation: This umbrella organization consisted of six battalions with over 700 members and these in turn were made up of companies and platoons. The PPI was commanded by João Tavares.
Weapons and Training: The group was armed, though it is not said whether by the government or not. Previous membership in other militias suggests that members may already have possessed weapons from these. The PPI reportedly also used World War II Weapons (e.g. the SKS, G3, SP and Moser).
Size: --
Reason for Membership: Membership in another militia was apparently necessary for joining this umbrella organization.
Treatment of Civilians: The militia interfered with the free movement of civilians wanting to leave East Timor.
Other Information: The PGM included members from various other pro-integration militias such as Aitarak or Laksaur. The full name of the group is Pasukan Pejuang Integrasi.
References: Information was taken from news sources listed in the PGMD.